Ergonomic redesign of transportation fleet driver seats using anthropometric approaches to minimize musculoskeletal disorders

Meri Andriani, Hamdani Hamdani, Nanda Saleysia Aziza

Abstract


The operation of public transportation fleets demands competent drivers to ensure passenger safety and operational reliability. Maintaining an optimal driving posture is a critical factor in supporting driver performance; however, mismatches between seat design and driver anthropometry can result in musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), reducing driver focus and increasing the risk of traffic accidents. This study aims to determine the ergonomic dimensions of driver seats based on anthropometric data. The methodology integrates anthropometric measurements, percentile analysis, statistical validation, and ergonomic modeling utilizing CATIA software. Key anthropometric dimensions considered include sitting upright height (TDT), chin-to-top-of-head distance (DPK), shoulder width (LB), popliteal-buttock length (PPO), popliteal height (TPO), thigh thickness (TP), and hip width (LP). Data uniformity and adequacy tests confirmed the reliability of the dataset, while normality tests verified that the measurements were normally distributed. Subsequent analysis applied the 50th and 95th percentile values to guide design decisions, ensuring broad user accommodation. Ergonomic modeling was conducted using CATIA software to develop an optimized driver's seat. The resulting design specifications include a seat base height of 92.63 cm, headrest height of 21.7 cm, seat width of 62 cm, seat base length of 46.90 cm, seat height from the floor of 44.00 cm, seat base thickness of 15.07 cm, and seat base width of 38.33 cm. These dimensions are intended to support optimal driver posture, reduce the incidence of MSDs, and enhance overall driving safety and comfort in public transportation fleets.


Keywords


Anthropometrics, Ergonomics, Design, Percentiles, Drivers

Full Text:

PDF

References


H. Mandaku and M. Rasyid, “Desain Pengembangan Jaringan Transportasi Penyeberangan Untuk Mendukung Distribusi General Cargo Antar-Pulau Di Provinsi Maluku,†J. Ilm. Tek. Ind., vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2023, doi: 10.24912/jitiuntar.v11i1.22992.

M. Andriani, A. Suria, and M. T. Hasan, “Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat Pesisir Melalui Perancangan Alat Pembuka kulit Tiram,†vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 45–49, 2019.

I. M. Sutajaya, Ergonomi, 1st ed. Depok: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2018.

J. R. Susilo, A. A. N. T. N. Dewi, N. K. A. J. Antari, and S. A. P. Thanaya, “Posisi Duduk Mengemudi Dengan Kejadian Forward Head Posture Pada Sopir Bus Rapid Transit Di Provinsi Bali,†Maj. Ilm. Fisioter. Indones., vol. 10, no. 2, p. 89, 2022, doi: 10.24843/mifi.2022.v10.i02.p06.

A. Afzal, S. Zafar, and F. Ashfaq, “Assessment of the Understanding of Ergonomics Role in Triggering Musculoskeletal Pain Amongst Dentists of Karachi, Pakistan,†Pakistan J. Med. Heal. Sci., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 862–866, 2023, doi: 10.53350/pjmhs2023171862.

N. L. G. A. M. Negara and I. W. G. Suarjana, “Evaluasi Kelelahan Subjektif Sopir Bus Rapid Transfer (BRT) di Kota Denpasar,†J. INTECH Tek. Ind. Univ. Serang Raya, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 134–140, 2023, doi: 10.30656/intech.v9i2.6305.

M. Abedi, E. Gane, T. Aplin, H. Zerguine, and V. Johnston, “Barriers and Facilitators Associated with Return to Work Following Minor to Serious Road Traffic Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Systematic Review,†J. Occup. Rehabil., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 13–26, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s10926-021-09994-3.

M. Andriani, A. Widyanti, Yassierli, R. Pramanda, and Suheri, “An Anthropometric Study of Head for Designing Ergonomic Helmet for Acehnese Adults,†IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 722, p. 12033, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/722/1/012033.

H. P. Tambunan and S. Zetli, “Jurnal Comasie,†Comasie, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 21–30, 2020.

A. Purbasari, “Analisis Postur Kerja Secara Ergonomi Pada Operator Pencetakan Pilar Yang Menimbulkan Risiko Musculoskeletal,†Sigma Tek., vol. 2, no. 2, p. 143, 2019, doi: 10.33373/sigma.v2i2.2064.

S. Rahmawati, I. Hasanuddin, N. Izzaty, and S. Haikal, “Analisis postur tubuh dan tingkat keluhan pada proses penyeduhan kopi Aceh untuk perencanaan desain alat kerja,†J. Polimesin, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 88–97, 2021.

A. Kholid Alghofari, M. D. Haryanto, J. A. Yani, T. Pos, and P. Kartasura Surakarta, “Perancangan Kursi Penumpang Kereta Api Kelas Ekonomi (K-3)dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Ergonomi (Studi Kasus: PT. XYZ),†Semin. Nas. IENACO - 2017, vol. 3, no. 2016, pp. 221–228, 2017.

F. Muhammad, “Perancangan Kursi Pengemudi Bus Mgi Dengan Tipe Hino Menggunakan Metode Reverse Engineering,†vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 4656–4665, 2023.

H. Purnomo, “Antropometri dan Aplikasinya,†Graha Ilmu, p. 96, 2013.

A. Nugroho, “Redesain Ruang Tunggu Penumpang Bus Trans Kota Batam: Studi Teknis Evaluasi Layanan Transportasi Publik Kota Batam,†J. Rekayasa Sist. Ind., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 36–49, 2017.

M. Andriani, “Anthropometry application of students in the design of campus tables and chairs,†J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1375, no. 1, 2019, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1375/1/012049.

M. Andriani, M. T. Hasan, N. Nazaruddin, and N. Ninafahriana, “Application of Anthropometry to Overcome Musculoskeletal Problems,†J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1114, no. 1, 2018, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1114/1/012008.

M. Andrian and M. T. Hasan, “Perbaikan Sistem Kerja Melalui Analisis Ergonomi,†vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 0–6, 2019, doi: 10.32734/ee.v2i3.743.

M. L. Siregar, D. Guslan, and A. Zahradika, “Inovasi Rancangan Kursi Kemudi untuk Mengurangi Tingkat Fatigue pada Pengemudi ketika Proses Pengiriman pada Unit PT Iron Bird Logistics,†J. Stud. Inov., vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 7–16, 2022, doi: 10.52000/jsi.v2i4.117.

T. H. Suryatman and R. Ramdani, “Desain Kursi Santai Multifungsi Ergonomis Dengan Menggunakan Pendekatan Antropometri,†J. Ind. Manuf., vol. 4, no. 1, p. 45, 2019, doi: 10.31000/jim.v4i1.1244.

O. S. Ismaila et al., “Anthropometric Seat Design for Bus Drivers in Southwestern Nigeria,†Mindanao J. Sci. Technol., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 125–142, 2022.

S. Rahmadina, T. S. Hilal, and E. Kurniawati, “Factors Related To Low Back Pain (Complaints Of Low Back Pain) In Jambi-Bangko Travel Car Drivers In 2022,†vol. 08, no. 9, pp. 7627–7634, 2023.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v23i2.4199

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Lisensi Creative Commons

Ciptaan disebarluaskan di bawah Lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa 4.0 Internasional .

 

Alamat Surat :

Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe
Jl. Banda Aceh-Medan Km 280
Buketrata, Lhokseumawe, 24301, Aceh, Indonesia