Experimental investigation on strain behavior of jute/polyester composite with an open hole under axial loading

Anggit Murdani; Utsman Syah Amrullah; R.N. Akhsanu Takwim

doi:10.30811/jpl.v21i3.3931

Experimental investigation on strain behavior of jute/polyester composite with an open hole under axial loading

Anggit Murdani, Utsman Syah Amrullah, R.N. Akhsanu Takwim

Abstract

Mechanical assembly requires joint mechanism involving fasteners and holes. Deformation of the holes will greatly affect the integrity of the mechanical joins. This research objective is to reveal the strain behavior of jute/polyester composite containing open hole under axial loading. It is very important to know the behavior of the strain surrounding the hole under loading. Experiments were carried out by preparing jute/polyester composites. The composites were manufactured by using a vacuum infusion method. There are two configurations of the number of laminations, i.e., 3 and 5 sheets and of hole sizes, i.e., 5 and 10mm holes. An axial load is applied to the specimen through a tensile test. Strain gauges are attached near the holes, axially and laterally. Strain in axial and lateral directions in the vicinity of a hole is recorded and presented. The research result shows that the strain gauges located parallel to the loading axis indicate a positivestrain value. On the other hand, the strain gauges located lateral to the loading axis indicate a negative value. Furthermore, the strain gauges located beside the hole in the direction parallel to the loading axis indicate the highest strain value in all types of specimens.

Keywords

hole deformation, natural fiber composite, simultaneous strain measurement

Full Text:

PDF

References

H. Singh, JIP. Singh, S. Singh, V. Dhawand, and SK. Tiwari, “A Brief Review of Jute Fibre and Its Composites”, Materials Today: Proceedings 5, 2018.

C. Dong, “Review of natural fibre-reinforced hybrid composites”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 37(5), p 331–348, 2017.

Ahmed, KS, Vijayarangan, S, dan Naidu, ACB, “Elastic properties, notched strength and fracture criterion in untreated woven jute–glass fabric reinforced polyester hybrid composites”, Materials and Design 28, p 2287–2294, 2007.

J. Veeraprabahar, G. Mohankumar, S. Kumar, S. Sakthivel, “Development of natural coir/jute fibers hybrid composite materials for automotive thermal insulation applications”, Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 17, 2022.

T. Hojo, Z. Xu, Y. Yang, and H. Hamada, “Tensile Properties of Bamboo, Jute and Kenaf Mat-Reinforced Composite”, Energy Procedia 56, p 72-79, 2014.

C. Baley, M. Lan, A. Bourmaud, and A. Le Duigou, “Compressive and tensile behaviour of unidirectional composites reinforced by natural fibres: influence of fibres (flax and jute), matrix and fibre volume fraction”, Materials Today Communications, 2018.

H. Alshahrani, TA. Sebaey, MM. Awd Allah, and MA. Abd El-baky, “Jute-basalt reinforced epoxy hybrid composites for lightweight structural automotive applications”, Journal of Composite Materials, 57(7):1315-1330, 2023.

Y. Kogo, “Effect of Stress Concentration on Tensile Fracture Behavior of Carbon-Carbon Composite”, Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 32, No. 13, 1998.

G. Liu and K. Tang, “Study on stress concentration in notched cross-ply laminates under tensile loading”, Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 50 (3), p 283–296, 2016.

MM. Makki and B. Chokri, “Experimental, analytical, and finite element study of stress concentration factors for composite materials”, Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 51(11), p 1583–1594, 2017.

M. Zappalorto, and PA. Carraro, “An engineering formula for the stress concentration factor of orthotropic composite plates”, Composites: Part B 68, p 51–58, 2015.

L. Zhao, T. Qin, J. Zhang, M. Shan, and B. Fei, “Determination method of stress concentration relief factors for failure prediction of composite multi-bolt joints”, Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 49 (14), p 1667–1680, 2015.

AR. Othman, KJ. Jadee, and M-Z. Ismadi, “Mitigating stress concentration through defense hole system for improvement in bearing strength of composite bolted joint, Part 1: Numerical analysis”, Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 51(26), p 3685–3699, 2017.

Z. Salleha, M.N. Berhana, KM. Hyiea, YM. Taiba, A. Kalama, and NR. Roselina, NR, “Open Hole Tensile Properties of Kenaf Composite and Kenaf/Fibreglass Hybrid Composite Laminates”, Procedia Engineering 68, p 399 – 404, 2013.

D. Abubakar, Zulmiardi, S. Ferry, “Effect of volume fraction and alkalization treatment on mechanical properties of abaca fiber reinforced composites as a composite board substitute for wood products”, Jurnal Polimesin, Vol. 21, No. 1, 2023.

AA. Abdul Nasir, AI. Azmi, T. Chye Lih, AN. Mohd. Khalil, and N. Kyeun Kim, “Tensile behaviour of open hole flax/epoxy composites: Influence of fibre lay-up and drilling parameters”, Journal of Composite Materials, 53(4):445-454, 2019.

MK. A. Khan, H. Junaedi, H. Alshahrani, A. Wagih, G. Lubineau, and TA. Sebaey, “Enhanced Open-Hole Strength and Toughness of Sandwich Carbon-Kevlar Woven Composite Laminates”, Polymers, 15, 2276, 2023.

E. Strungar, D. Lobanov, V. Wildemann, “Evaluation of the Sensitivity of Various Reinforcement Patterns for Structural Carbon Fibers to Open Holes during Tensile Tests”, Polymers, 13, 4287, 2021.

RS. Fontes, HAD. Bezerra, ACM. Batista de C, SRL. Tinô, EMF. Aquino de., “Failure Theories and Notch Type Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Jute-Glass Hybrid Composite Laminates. Mat Res., 22(2), 2019.

J. Shi and M. Tong, “Multi-Scale Nonlinear Progressive Damage and Failure Analysis for Open-Hole Composite Laminates”, Aerospace, 9, 59, 2022.

S. Sirmour, U. Kumar, H. Chandrakar and N. Gupta, “Open Hole Testing Methods for Different Materials: A Review”, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 561, 012037, 2019.

H. Kang, P. He, C. Zhang, et al., “Tensile progressive damage and compressive postbuckling analysis of open-hole laminate composites”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 39(17-18):637-653, 2020.

Z. Ma, J. Chen, Z. Li, X. Su, “Experimental data on fracture of open-hole composite laminates subjected to tension loading”, Data in Brief, Volume 35, 106876, 2021.

H. Bougherara, M. Saleem, S. Shah, et al., “Stress analysis of a carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy plate with a hole undergoing tension: A comparison of finite element analysis, strain gages, and infrared thermography”, Journal of Composite Materials, 52(19):2679-2689, 2018.

Yu, J, Pan, Z, Cai, Q, Zhang, Fa, Wu, Z, Open hole tensile behavior of plain-woven carbon/glass hybrid composites, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Volume 246, 108142, 2023.

E. Özaslan, A. Yetgin, B. Acar, “Stress concentration and strength prediction of 2×2 twill weave fabric composite with a circular hole”, Journal of Composite Materials, 53(4):463-474, 2019.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i3.3931