Effect of geometric size reduction on the thermal efficiency of a galvanized plate biomass stove

Hadi Santoso; Muhammad Azhar; Melda Melda; Marhadi Budi Waluyo; Muh. Firdan Nurdin; Sudirman Sudirman; Shinta Tri Kismanti; Deny Murdianto

doi:10.30811/jpl.v24i1.8254

Effect of geometric size reduction on the thermal efficiency of a galvanized plate biomass stove

Hadi Santoso, Muhammad Azhar, Melda Melda, Marhadi Budi Waluyo, Muh. Firdan Nurdin, Sudirman Sudirman, Shinta Tri Kismanti, Deny Murdianto

Abstract

Improving the thermal efficiency of biomass cookstoves remains essential for enhancing energy utilization and reducing fuel consumption in household applications. This study investigates the effect of geometric size reduction on the thermal performance of a galvanized steel biomass stove equipped with a 12 V DC blower. The original biomass stove constructed from galvanized steel plates with dimensions of 50 × 50 × 55 cm³ equipped with a 12 V DC blower was developed in 2022. Due to its relatively large size, the air–fuel mixture delivered to the combustion chamber was not fully optimized, resulting in a thermal efficiency of only 10%. To address this limitation, the stove dimensions were reduced to 40 × 40 × 40 cm³. The performance evaluation was conducted using the Water Boiling Test (WBT) method with two water volumes (2 L and 5 L) and three fuel masses (40%, 60%, and 80%). The results indicate that reducing the stove dimensions contributes to a significant improvement in thermal efficiency, reaching up to 14.6%.

Keywords

Biomass stove; galvanized steel; size reduction; thermal efficiency; water boiling test

Full Text:

PDF

References

L. Rahmayanti and D. M. Rahmah, “Analisis pemanfaatan sumber daya energi minyak dan gas bumi di Indonesia,” Jurnal Sains Edukatika Indonesia (JSEI), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 9–16, 2021.

M. Ahdiyana and A. D. Sukmawati, “Policy communication in the implementation of the Keluarga Sasaran Jaminan Perlindungan Sosial program in the city of Yogyakarta,” Informasi, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 141–168, Jul. 2022, doi: 10.21831/informasi.v52i1.50735.

R. Lestarianingsih and V. Adrison, “Fuel availability and Java households cooking fuel choices: Evidence from Indonesia’s LPG subsidy policy,” J. Ekon. Studi Pembang., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 21–36, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.18196/jesp.v22i1.9757.

D. Mignogna, M. Szabó, P. Ceci, and P. Avino, “Biomass energy and biofuels: perspective, potentials, and challenges in the energy transition,” Sustainability, vol. 16, no. 16, p. 7036, Aug. 2024, doi: 10.3390/su16167036.

Erdiwansyah et al., “Prospects for renewable energy sources from biomass waste in Indonesia,” Case Stud. Chem. Environ. Eng., vol. 10, p. 100880, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.cscee.2024.100880.

A. Saravanan, Y. P. Ragini, S. Karishma, R. V. Hemavathy, and M. Jyotsna, “A review on advancing sustainable energy: The role of biomass and bioenergy in a circular economy,” Sustain. Futur., vol. 10, p. 100835, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100835.

M. F. Aryansyah, H. Santoso, and M. F. Nurdin, “Analisis efisiensi termal pada kompor biomassa dengan menggunakan water boiling test (WBT),” Journal Bearings: Borneo Mechanical Engineering and Science, vol. 01, no. 01, pp. 1–8, 2022.

S. U. Yunusa et al., “Biomass cookstoves: a review of technical aspects and recent advances,” Energy Nexus, vol. 11, p. 100225, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.nexus.2023.100225.

H. C. Fui Ming, H. Santoso, and Muh. F. Nurdin, “Rancang bangun kompor biomassa menggunakan bahan dasar plat galvanis dilengkapi dengan teknologi blower,” Journal Bearings: Borneo Mechanical Engineering and Science, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 3–10, 2022, doi: 10.35334/bearings.v1i1.2995.

S. D. A. Febriani and R. Setyowati, “Efisiensi kompor biomassa UB 03-01 dengan bahan bakar serbuk kayu jati dan sengon,” J-TETA : Jurnal Teknik Terapan, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 31–41, 2023.

D. T. Harimurti and S. S. Harsono, “Analisis pengaruh pemberian pengatur tegangan blower pada kompor terhadap efisiensi pembakaran,” Agrotechnology Innov. Agrinova, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 15, Apr. 2022, doi: 10.22146/a.74267.

A. Mulkan and T. Zulfadli, “Pengaruh penggunaan blower pada kolektor surya sebagai alat alternatif untuk meningkatkan kualitas hasil pengeringan biji kopi di daerah Aceh”. Jurnal Polimesin, vol.19, no. 1, pp. 35–39, Feb. 2021.

M. Šmak, J. Kubíček, J. Kala, K. Podaný, and J. Vaněrek, “The influence of hot-dip galvanizing on the mechanical properties of high-strength steels,” Materials, vol. 14, no. 18, p. 5219, Sep. 2021, doi: 10.3390/ma14185219.

F. Haldoko, “Analisis performasi kompor biomassa berbahan dasar semen dan pengaruh laju aliran udara terhadap performa kompor menggunakan metode WBT,” e-Proceeding of Engineering, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 6605–6609, Dec. 2024.

Kardianto Indra Purnomo, “Efisiensi waktu produksi pengolahan tahu pada perusahaan home industri tahu samin Cilacap,” J. E-Bis Ekonomi-Bisnis, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 271–285, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.37339/e-bis.v6i1.900.

M. Nitami, D. Situngkir, and E. Veronika, “Gambaran personal higiene dan higiene sanitasi pengolahan depot air minum isi ulang (DAMIU) X di Desa Karang Satria Kecamatan Tambun Utara, Kabupaten Bekasi tahun 2022,” Healthy Tadulako Journal (Journal Kesehatan Tadulako), vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 63–69, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.22487/htj.v10i1.984.

N. E. Putra, A. Fiatno, and N. Y. S. Munti, “Rancang bangun kompor biomassa sebagai kompor ramah lingkungan,” JUTIN : Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 55–67, 2022.

Z. Djafar, S. Suluh, N. Amaliyah, and W. H. Piarah, “Comparison of the performance of biomass briquette stoves on three types of stove wall materials,” Int.ernational J.ournal of Design & Nature and Ecodynamics, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 145–149, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.18280/ijdne.170119.

A. T. Kole and V. R. Ancha, “CFD model simulation and experimental testing of a household husky biomass cook stove,” Scientific African, vol. 28, p. e02714, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02714.

H. Alwan, A. Irawan, and E. Nurindah, “Performance test of biomass cookstove with torrefied rice husk as fuel using water boiling test method,” World Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–10, 2020.

R. Djafar, Y. Djamalu, S. Haluti, and S. Botutihe, “Analisis performa kompor gasifikasi biomassa tipe forced draft menggunakan variasi jumlah bahan bakar tongkol jagung,” Journal Technopreneur (JTech), vol. 5, no. 2, p. 90, 2018, doi: 10.30869/jtech.v5i2.120.

P. T. Asmoro, “Efficiency and electrical power consumption analysis of gasification stove fueled by used cooking oil as a renewable energy alternative,” Indonesian Journal of Energy, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 118–128, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.33116/ije.v8i2.267.

U. Hayyat et al., “Recent developments and challenges in biomass cookstove,” Energy Reports, vol. 12, pp. 2193–2208, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2024.08.016.

J. H. Simatupang, J. Jufrizal, and S. Supriatno, “Analisis efisiensi termal kompor biomassa tipe gasifier downdraft dengan variasi massa campuran arang kayu dan wood pellet,” IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA), vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 148–154, Aug. 2025, doi: 10.56862/irajtma.v4i2.201.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v24i1.8254