Multiresponse optimization of hole number and surface roughness in drilling processes for 316l stainless steel material using Taguchi-grey relational analysis method

Atik Pramono; Yanuar Burhanuddin; Gusri Akhyar Ibrahim; Suryadiwansa Harun

doi:10.30811/jpl.v22i5.4470

Multiresponse optimization of hole number and surface roughness in drilling processes for 316l stainless steel material using Taguchi-grey relational analysis method

Atik Pramono, Yanuar Burhanuddin, Gusri Akhyar Ibrahim, Suryadiwansa Harun

Abstract

The drilling process involves creating a round hole using a drill bit. Using tools with improper parameter settings can result in component geometries with high inaccuracies and surface hole roughness and can also increase tool wear. This research aims to determine the optimal drill parameter settings to minimize two response variables, namely tool life and surface roughness on the workpiece. Experiments were conducted in the drilling process using 316L stainless steel material by setting a VB wear value of 0.2 mm. The experimental design uses an L9 orthogonal matrix with variations in tool diameter, spindle speed, feeding, and tool tip angle, each with three levels. The experiment was carried out with two replications. The Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method is used to optimize the multi-response characteristics of experimental results, where a longer tool life is considered better and a smaller surface roughness is considered better. The tool diameter was varied between 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm. Spindle speed is set at 597 rpm, 794 rpm, and 1194 rpm with feeding values of 30 mm/min, 38 mm/min, and 46 mm/min. The chisel tip angles used are 90°, 118°, and 135°. Optimal results show that the best setting is to use a tool diameter of 4 mm, a spindle speed of 796 rpm, a feeding rate of 38 mm/min, and a tool tip angle of 135°. After confirmation tests were carried out, this optimal combination produced 59 holes, or a tool life of 632.54 seconds, with a workpiece surface roughness of 0.680 µm. The tool tip angle was identified as the most influential factor, with a contribution of 59.80% to the observed multi-responses.

Keywords

Drilling, gray relational analysis, number of holes, surface roughness, Taguchi method.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v22i5.4470