Energy absorption and toughness analysis on FSW butt joint of AA 5052 and AA 5083

Rahadian Nopriantoko

doi:10.30811/jpl.v21i4.4107

Energy absorption and toughness analysis on FSW butt joint of AA 5052 and AA 5083

Rahadian Nopriantoko

Abstract

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is an efficient and effective welding method with good-quality welds. Aluminum Alloy (AA) has been widely used for various automotive needs, including in vehicle manufacturing. AA series 5XXX is a type of material used for vehicle manufacturing because it has good strength properties even after the joining process. A similar butt joint using the FSW method was carried out on material AA 5052 and AA 5083. The results of the welding were then given radiographic testing to determine the general condition of the welds. The impact test was carried out according to the procedures standard of ASTM on the welding results to analyze the energy absorption and toughness properties of welds by getting the impact value of the welded joint, and then looking for the quantity ratio to the impact value of the base material. After that, the results and discussion were obtained that the welded areas showed different impact strength and absorbed energy value, which is compared to the base material the range is below with a decrease in value of between 34% and 68% of the initial toughness strength of the parent material. The reduction in toughness strength can be attributed to the influence of mechanical properties during the welding process. Nevertheless, the welds demonstrated good quality and integrity, highlighting FSW's efficacy in joining aluminum alloys. This research significantly contributes to comprehending the energy absorption and toughness analysis of FSW butt joints in aluminum alloys, crucial for vehicle body technology applications.

Keywords

Energy absorption, toughness, FSW, aluminum alloy, vehicle technology

Full Text:

PDF

References

N. Jones, “Energy-absorbing effectiveness factor,” Int. J. Impact Eng., vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 754–765, 2010.

K. Masubuchi, Analysis of welded structures: residual stresses, distortion, and their consequences, vol. 33. Elsevier, 2013.

J. C. Benedyk, “Aluminum alloys for lightweight automotive structures,” in Materials, design and manufacturing for lightweight vehicles, Elsevier, 2010, pp. 79–113.

M. K. Mumtaz, “Study and Analysis of Spot Welding of Dissimilar Material 1008 Low Carbon Steel 5052 Aluminum Alloy,” 2020.

V. K. T. P. A. R. Ansari, “Study the Effect of Tool Rotation Speed and Welding Speed on Mechanical Properties of Welded Aluminum Alloy (Welding through Friction Stir Process)”.

M. Akbari, M. R. M. Aliha, S. M. E. Keshavarz, and A. Bonyadi, “Effect of tool parameters on mechanical properties, temperature, and force generation during FSW,” Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part L J. Mater. Des. Appl., vol. 233, no. 6, pp. 1033–1043, 2019.

C. Huang, Z. Wu, R. Huang, W. Wang, and L. Li, “Mechanical properties of AA5083 in different tempers at low temperatures,” in IOP conference series: materials science and engineering, IOP Publishing, 2017, p. 12002.

M. Ghaffarpour, S. Kolahgar, B. M. Dariani, and K. Dehghani, “Evaluation of dissimilar welds of 5083-H12 and 6061-T6 produced by friction stir welding,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 3697–3707, 2013.

E. L. Mangla, E. Rajiv, and E. R. Chaudhary, “EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FRICTION STIR WELDING OF AA 6061 & AA 5083 USING TAGUCHI TECHNIQUE.” IJREAS, 2014.

M. Ilangovan, S. R. Boopathy, and V. Balasubramanian, “Microstructure and tensile properties of friction stir welded dissimilar AA6061–AA5086 aluminium alloy joints,” Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 1080–1090, 2015.

Z. Li, Z. Xu, L. Zhang, and Z. Yan, “Friction spot welding of dissimilar 6063/5083 aluminium alloys,” Mater. Sci. Technol., vol. 33, no. 14, pp. 1626–1634, 2017.

P. Goel et al., “Investigation on the effect of tool pin profiles on mechanical and microstructural properties of friction stir butt and scarf welded aluminium alloy 6063,” Metals (Basel)., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 74, 2018.

A. O. Al-Roubaiy, S. M. Nabat, and A. D. L. Batako, “An Investigation into Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloy 5083-H116 Similar Joints,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 22, pp. 2140–2152, 2020.

S. Kumar, A. K. Srivastava, R. K. Singh, and S. P. Dwivedi, “Experimental study on hardness and fatigue behavior in joining of AA5083 and AA6063 by friction stir welding,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 25, pp. 646–648, 2020.

R. Nopriantoko, “Mechanical properties analysison FSW butt joint of aluminum alloy that applied in marine industries,” J. Polimesin, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 213–216, 2022.

S. Shanavas, J. Edwin Raja Dhas, and N. Murugan, “Weldability of marine grade AA 5052 aluminum alloy by underwater friction stir welding,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol. 95, no. 9, pp. 4535–4546, 2018.

E. Cetkin, Y. H. Çelik, and S. Temiz, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of AA7075/AA5182 jointed by FSW,” J. Mater. Process. Technol., vol. 268, pp. 107–116, 2019.

D. Devaiah, K. Kishore, and P. Laxminarayana, “Study the process parametric influence on impact strength of friction stir welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys (AA5083 and AA6061) using Taguchi technique,” Inte. Adv. Res. J. Sci. Eng. Technol, vol. 3, pp. 91–98, 2016.

M. Kimura, Y. Sano, M. Kusaka, and K. Kaizu, “Methods for improving joint strength of friction stud welded AA5083 alloy joints,” J. Adv. Join. Process., vol. 5, p. 100075, 2022.

D. Devaiah, K. Kishore, and P. Laxminarayana, “Effect of welding speed on mechanical properties of dissimilar friction stir welded AA5083-H321 and AA6061-T6 aluminum alloys,” Int. J. Adv. Eng. Res. Sci., vol. 4, no. 3, p. 237069, 2017.

S. Alam, “Effects of Joint Design on Fracture Toughness of the Butt Weld Aluminium Alloy 5052,” Jour Adv Res. Dyn. Control Syst., vol. 10, p. 9, 2018.

F. Xue and F. Li, “Characterization of damage and toughness of 5052 aluminum alloy based on continuum damage mechanics,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing, 2018, p. 22046.

M. Saeidi, M. Barmouz, and M. K. B. Givi, “Investigation on AA5083/AA7075+ Al 2 O 3 joint fabricated by friction stir welding: characterizing microstructure, corrosion and toughness behavior,” Mater. Res., vol. 18, pp. 1156–1162, 2015.

S. Choudhary, S. Choudhary, S. Vaish, A. K. Upadhyay, A. Singla, and Y. Singh, “Effect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded Al 6061 aluminum alloy joints,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 25, pp. 563–569, 2020.

A. R. Bruce, P. P. Kumar, K. Arul, P. M. Kumar, and S. L. Kumar, “Experimental characteristics and optimization of friction stir welded AA5052-AA6061 using RSM technique,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 59, pp. 1379–1387, 2022.

S. K. Barik, R. G. Narayanan, and N. Sahoo, “Formability and failure response of AA5052-H32 thin sheets with friction stir spot welds during the shock tube-based impact forming,” Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., vol. 119, no. 11, pp. 7921–7945, 2022.

H. S. Grover, V. Chawla, and G. S. Brar, “Comparing mechanical and corrosion behaviour of TIG & FSW weldments of AA5083-H321,” Indian J. Sci. Technol., vol. 10, no. 45, pp. 1–8, 2017.

K. N. Kumar, P. S. Kumar, and M. S. Chander, “Characterization of Friction Stir Welded Aluminium Alloy (5083) Joints,” 2020.

P. K. Arya, N. K. Jain, and M. Jayaprakash, “Optimization of Process Parameters for Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloy AA5052-H32 by Using Taguchi Method,” in Advancement in Materials Processing Technology, Springer, 2022, pp. 71–81.

S. Saravanakumar et al., “Mechanical behaviour and microstructure analysis of aluminium 2024 and 5052 using friction stir welding,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 69, pp. 1437–1441, 2022.

P. P. Singh, G. S. Cheema, and A. S. Kang, “Influence of Tool Pin Profile and Welding Parameters on Tensile Strength of Aluminium Alloy 5052 during FSW,” Indian J. Sci. Technol., vol. 10, p. 31, 2017.

A. V. Jebaraj, K. V. V Aditya, T. S. Kumar, L. Ajaykumar, and C. R. Deepak, “Mechanical and corrosion behaviour of aluminum alloy 5083 and its weldment for marine applications,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 22, pp. 1470–1478, 2020.

J. S. Sashank, P. Sampath, P. S. Krishna, R. Sagar, S. Venukumar, and S. Muthukumaran, “Effects of friction stir welding on microstructure and mechanical properties of 6063 aluminium alloy,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 8348–8353, 2018.

K. A. Prabha, P. K. Putha, and B. S. Prasad, “Effect of tool rotational speed on mechanical properties of aluminium alloy 5083 weldments in friction stir welding,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 5, no. 9, pp. 18535–18543, 2018.

S. Jannet, P. K. Mathews, and R. Raja, “Comparative investigation of friction stir welding and fusion welding of 6061-T6 and 5083-O aluminum alloy based on mechanical properties and microstructure,” J. Achiev. Mater. Manuf. Eng., vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 181–186, 2013.

S. D. Kumar and S. S. Kumar, “Investigation of mechanical behavior of friction stir welded joints of AA6063 with AA5083 aluminum alloys,” Mech. Mech. Eng., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 59–63, 2019.

Y. Chen, H. Ding, Z. Cai, J. Zhao, and J. Li, “Microstructural and mechanical characterization of a dissimilar friction stir-welded AA5083-AA7B04 butt joint,” J. Mater. Eng. Perform., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 530–539, 2017.

R. Nopriantoko, “Buku Mekanika.” Jejak Publisher, 2022.

Z. Zhang, X. Yang, J. Zhang, G. Zhou, X. Xu, and B. Zou, “Effect of welding parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir spot welded 5052 aluminum alloy,” Mater. Des., vol. 32, no. 8–9, pp. 4461–4470, 2011.

M. N. Ilman, “Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir spot welded AA5052-H112 aluminum alloy,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 2, p. e06009, 2021.

C. Chanakyan, P. D. Babu, M. P. Jenarthanan, and K. Jagathesh, “An experimental investigation on mechanical properties and microstructure of friction stir welding of AA5052,” in Applied Mechanics and Materials, Trans Tech Publ, 2014, pp. 48–52.

K. Nakowong and K. Sillapasa, “Optimized Parameter for Butt Joint in Friction Stir Welding of Semi-Solid Aluminum Alloy 5083 Using Taguchi Technique,” J. Manuf. Mater. Process., vol. 5, no. 3, p. 88, 2021.

D. Suryo and P. H. Setyarini, “The effect of the welding methods on the corrosion rate and impact strength of AA5083 material,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing, 2021, p. 12174.

M. Shiva Chander, M. Ramakrishna, and B. Durgaprasad, “Impact of Process Parameters on Peak Temperature Inside the Workpiece During Friction Stir Welding of AA5083 Aluminum Alloys,” in Recent Trends in Mechanical Engineering, Springer, 2021, pp. 109–119.

Z. B. I. N. ZULKIFLI, “STUDYING ON THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON IMPACT TESTING IN DIFFUSION WELDING OF MARINE GRADE ALUMINIUM (AA-5083) AND LOW CARBON STEEL (A-36),” MOHAMMAD AZAM RUSLI, 2018.

U. Das and V. Toppo, “Effect of tool rotational speed on temperature and impact strength of friction stir welded joint of two dissimilar aluminum alloys,” Mater. Today Proc., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 6170–6175, 2018.

J. S. Jesus, J. M. Costa, A. Loureiro, and J. M. Ferreira, “Fatigue strength improvement of GMAW T-welds in AA 5083 by friction-stir processing,” Int. J. Fatigue, vol. 97, pp. 124–134, 2017.

P. J. Haagensen, E. S. Statnikov, L. Lopez-Martinez, and S. S. AB, “Introductory fatigue tests on welded joints in high strength steel and aluminium improved by various methods including ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT),” IIW Doc, vol. 13, pp. 1748–1798, 1998.

W. Hussein and M. A. Al-Shammari, “Fatigue and fracture behaviours of FSW and FSP Joints of AA5083-H111 aluminium alloy,” in IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, IOP Publishing, 2018, p. 12055.

J. Torzewski, K. Grzelak, M. Wachowski, and R. Kosturek, “Microstructure and low cycle fatigue properties of AA5083 H111 friction stir welded joint,” Materials (Basel)., vol. 13, no. 10, p. 2381, 2020.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30811/jpl.v21i4.4107