Peningkatan Basal Spacing Bentonit Aceh Utara Menggunakan Surfaktan Anionik dan Kationik untuk Aplikasi Cat Pelapis

Shafira Riskina

Sari


Abstrak— Bentonit sering digunakan sebagai filler pada material komposit seperti cat pelapis. Struktur bentonit terdiri dari lapisan 1 lapisan oktahedral dan 2 lapisan tetrahedral. Diantara lapisan tersebut terdapat interlayer atau basal spacing. Pada bentonit alam, jarak basal spacing ini sangat kecil, sehingga kurang optimal untuk digunakan sebagai filler. Untuk meningkatkan kemampuan bentonit sebagai filler, maka basal spacing bentonit harus ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini mencoba memperbesar jarak basal spacing bentonit melalui modifikasi menggunakan surfaktan kationik dan anionik. Bentonit yang digunakan adalah bentonit Aceh Utara.  Penambahan surfaktan kationik divariasikan pada 0,7 CEC, 1 CEC dan 1,3 CEC, sedangkan penambahan surfaktan anionik divariasikan pada 0,1 CEC, 0,2 CEC dan 0,3 CEC.  Bentonit Aceh Utara yang telah dimodifikasi dengan surfaktan kemudian dianalisa basal spacing menggunakan XRD, morfologi menggunakan SEM dan kapasitas tukar kation menggunakan Methylene Blue Methode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai CEC Bentonit Aceh Utara dengan metode methylene blue yaitu 95,2 meq/100 gram dan basal spacing bentonit tertinggi pada penambahan 1,3 CEC CTAB dan 0,3 CEC SDS yaitu 23,00023Å

Kata kunci— basal spacing, filler, CEC, surfaktan kationik, surfaktan anionik

 

Abstract—Bentonit is often used as a filler in composite materials such as coating paints. Bentonit structure consists of 1 octahedral layer and 2 tetrahedral layers. There are interlayers or basal spacing among these layers. In natural bentonit, the distance of the basal spacing is very small, making it less optimal for use as a filler. To improve the ability of bentonit as a filler, the bentonit basal spacing must be increased. This study tried to increase the distance of the basal spacing of bentonit through modification using cationic and anionic surfactants. Bentonit used is North Aceh bentonit. The addition of cationic surfactant was varied at 0.7 CEC, 1 CEC and 1.3 CEC, while the addition of anionic surfactant varied at 0.1 CEC, 0.2 CEC and 0.3 CEC. North Aceh bentonit which has been modified with surfactants was then analyzed for basal spacing using XRD, morphology using SEM and cation exchange capacity (CEC) using Methylene Blue Methode. The results showed that the North Aceh CEC Bentonit value with methylene blue method was 95.2 meq / 100 grams and the highest bentonit basal spacing was the addition of 1.3 CEC CTAB and 0.3 CEC SDS which was 23,00023Å

Keywords— basal spacing, filler, CEC, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants


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Referensi


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